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(ii) Cardiovascular Disease
Noise-induced cardiovascular effects have been extensively studied in occupational settings.
The Health Council of the Netherlands (1996) concluded that prolonged exposure to
occupational noise may contribute to increased blood pressure and hypertension. These effects
were shown to occur at sound levels of 85 dB(A). Other noise-induced cardiovascular effects
include: abnormalities in the electrocardiogram; more heart beat irregularities; faster pulse rate;
and slower recovery of vascular constriction.
It has been more difficult to determine the effects of noise in the urban environment. Most
studies have focused on the effects of air and road traffic noise on people in their own homes. A
complicating factor has been to distinguish exposure to traffic noise versus other, often even
louder noises, from other sources. Housing features, as well as personal habits and proximity of
sleep areas to the noise source (e.g., road) affect the actual noise exposure. There is some
evidence that suggests an increased risk of hypertension and ischaemic heart disease for people
living in areas with road or air traffic noise at outdoor equivalent sound levels above 70 dB(A)
based on exposure between 6:00 a.m. and 10:00 p.m.
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这段不是,室外交通噪音。between 6:00 a.m. and 10:00 p.m.14小时长时间条件。 |
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