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这个问题,Klippel在他的Loudspeaker Nonlinearities: Causes, Parameters, Symptoms中进行了阐述。
The most obvious feature of a nonlinear parameter is the symmetry of the curve. A well-made loudspeaker should have symmetric Kms(x) and Bl(x) curves. At high positive and negative excursion the suspension will be limited by unfolded and stretched suspension material and the voice coil will leave the gap. A symmetric curve usually produces 3rd- and other odd-order distortion components as illustrated in Table 2. No dc-displacement or other even-order distortion components are generated as long as the nonlinear system is stable. A loudspeaker may become unstable if a motor with an equal-length coil–gap configuration is combined with a soft suspension.
Other nonlinearities, such as the inductance of a driver without shorting ring, the Doppler effect and wave steepening, have a distinct asymmetry that is difficult (inductance) or impossible (wave steepening) to eliminate. Asymmetric nonlinearities generate primarily even-order distortion. However, since these nonlinearities are usually part of a feedback loop (a characteristic of systems that can be described with a nonlinear differential equation) odd-order.
大致意思是,悬挂系统和磁场的对称性对扬声器的失真是有影响的,对称的奇次谐波失真高一些,非对称的偶次谐波失真高一些,也会增加奇次谐波失真。短路环会导致难以消除的非对称性。
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